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Donald Byrne (June 12, 1930 – April 8, 1976) was an American university professor and chess player. He held the title International Master, and competed for his country in the Chess Olympiad on several occasions.
He was a competitor in the chess club run by Brooklyn chess coach and master John W. Collins. Collins wrote about his students in the book My Seven Chess Prodigies, which features both Byrne brothers, Donald and Robert (see more below), and the young Bobby Fischer. The last one, at the age of 13, defeated Byrne on October 17, 1956 in the Game of the Century in New York City.
Byrne died in Philadelphia of complications arising from lupus. He was inducted into the U.S. Chess Hall of Fame in 2003.
Byrne was a great ambassador for American chess, seemingly on good terms with players from both sides of the Iron Curtain. At the 1966 Chess Olympiad in Havana, Cuba, Bobby Fischer, a member of the Worldwide Church of God, would not compete on Saturdays, and the tournament officials knew this, yet they scheduled his first game against a Soviet player on Saturday, leading to accusations and hot tempers by the U.S. and Soviet teams and the tournament officials. Byrne's diplomacy and communication skills and the respect that all the players had for his integrity were enough to get the game rescheduled with everyone saving face. The tournament proceeded without further incident. Host Fidel Castro gave Byrne a hand-carved chess set to thank him.
Byrne was repeatedly asked by his teammates to be team captain, because of his interpersonal acumen and his generous, helpful nature. He routinely helped all the players analyze their games during adjournments, and he repeatedly succeeded in getting the temperamental Fischer to "relax and play the game", as he would tell Fischer when stress threatened his continued participation in tournaments. In the late 1950s Byrne contracted lupus, an auto-immune disease. He was known around campus for his very wide-brimmed brown Stetson hat. He would frequently tell stories about his chess exploits, often turning red from laughter. One story occurred in the 1956 Rosenwald tournament during the Game of the Century between Byrne and Bobby Fischer. Fischer was winning the game decisively, and Byrne asked some of the other players if it would be a good "tip of the hat" to Fischer's superb play to let young Fischer play the game to a checkmate instead of Byrne resigning, which would normally happen between masters. When the other players agreed, Byrne played the game out until Fischer checkmated him. Byrne added "You have to remember, Bobby wasn't yet Bobby Fischer at that time", meaning that the then 13-year-old Fischer was "only" a master, and not yet the 14-year-old Child prodigy and top U.S. player he became the following year. Two other Byrne stories posted online: Fischer and the Border Patrol Fischer and the Border Patrol – another D.Byrne story. Chess.com (October 18, 2012). Retrieved on 2020-01-14. and The Hustler Gets Byrned. The Hustler Gets Byrned. Chess.com (October 17, 2012). Retrieved on 2020-01-14.
As a player, Byrne popularized the ... a5 line in the Yugoslav Attack in the Dragon Variation of the Sicilian Defence. Against 1. d4, he often preferred to play the Gruenfeld Defense. As White, he preferred using the English Opening.
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